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#include <stdio.h>
#define IN  1      /* inside a word */
#define OUT 0      /* outside a word */
/* count4.c - count lines, words, and characters */ 
main()
{
    int c, nl, nw, nc, state;
    state = OUT;
    nl = nw = nc = 0;
    while ((c = getchar()) != EOF) {
        ++nc;
        if (c == '\n')
            ++nl;
        if (c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\t')
            state = OUT;
        else if (state == OUT) {
            state = IN;
            ++nw;
        }
    }
    printf("%d %d %d\n", nl, nw, nc);
}
$ gcc count4.c
$ ./a.out < count4.c
23 93 525
$
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1. Assginment operator "=" evaluated right-to-left, so nl = nw = nc = 0;
   same as nl = (nw = (nc = 0));
2. OR operator "||" evaluated left-to-right so  (c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == 
'\t')
   same as ((c == ' ' || c == '\n') || c == '\t').   
3. Left-to-right evaluation of && (AND) or || (OR) terminates as soon as
   truth value of expression known.
4. if (condition) statement1 else statement2   
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